Hippocrates of Cos is the most famous physician of antiquity, though little is known of his life. Some sixty treatises of the fifth and fourth centuries BC were gathered under his name; they teach that disease has natural causes, and set down the doctrine of the humors on which Galen built.
7 Entries in the Materia Medica
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- Barley waterA thin decoction of barley.

- Black helleboreThe Christmas rose, Helleborus niger; the bark of the root was used.

- HoneyHoney of bees.
- Honeyed wine and honeyed waterWine or water sweetened with honey.

- HyssopHyssopus officinalis; the hyssop of Scripture was probably a wild marjoram, Origanum syria

- ValerianValeriana officinalis; the root is used.

- VinegarSoured wine.