Harmala alkaloids and the serotonin syndrome
Harmine and harmaline of the wild rue (Peganum harmala), reversible inhibitors of monoamine oxidase A.
Harmala alkaloids and the serotonin syndrome: how soon does it show?
One to two hours.
How does it run?
Nausea, tremor, visual disturbance, and in large doses convulsions and a slowed heart; with other serotonergic drugs or tyramine-rich food, the serotonin syndrome of fever, rigidity, and agitation. The same alkaloids in the ayahuasca vine are what let the DMT of the brew survive the gut.
What is done for it?
Supportive; benzodiazepines; cyproheptadine for the serotonin syndrome.
Historical and descriptive, not medical advice. In a poisoning, call a poison centre or emergency services.
Which substances in the database cause it?
Sources
- Frison, G., et al. (2008). “A case of β-carboline alkaloid intoxication following ingestion of Peganum harmala seed extract.” Forensic Science International 179.
- Moloudizargari, M., et al. (2013). “Pharmacological and therapeutic effects of Peganum harmala and its main alkaloids.” Pharmacognosy Reviews 7. Verified against its record · doi:10.4103/0973-7847.120524